Symposium: Improving Communications in the Courtroom CALIBRATING THE SCALES OF JUSTICE: STUDYING JUDGES' BEHAVIOR IN BENCH TRIALS
نویسنده
چکیده
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1120 I. A MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF JUDGES’ AND JURIES’ BEHAVIOR .................................... 1126 II. THE STANFORD STUDY: TESTING THE MODEL IN JURY TRIALS ...................................1132 A. Global and Micro Dimensions of Judges' Behavior ...................................................1133 B. Simple Relationships in the Model ............................................................................1136 C. Cumulative Relationships in the Model ....................................................................1142 III. THE IOWA STUDY: TESTING THE MODEL IN BENCH TRIALS........................................1143 A. Research Strategy and Design: Trials and Participants .............................................1143 B. Research Strategy and Design: On-Line Ratings of the Trials ....................................1144 IV. THE IOWA STUDY: FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS ......................................................1146 A. Simple Relationships in the Model ...........................................................................1146 B. Cumulative Relationships in the Model ....................................................................1154 V. EMERGING ISSUES IN THE STUDY OF TRIAL PROCESSES ...............................................1168 A. Toward a More Cumulative View of Social Science Research ....................................1168 B. Using the Model to Assess Trial Error .....................................................................1172 C. Research on Sentencing ..........................................................................................1178 CONCLUSION ..............................................................................................................1180 APPENDICES . ..............................................................................................................1182 A. One View of Nonverbal Behavior in the Courtroom ..................................................1182 B. Summary of Data Collection Instruments for Iowa Study of BenchTrials ....................1183 C. Psychometric Findings ...........................................................................................1192
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